Even after his retirement, Ottens remained a part of the technology world for many years when he became chairman of the Dutch Association for Logistics Management in 1988. Lou Ottens changed the music industry and the way we consumed and listened to music, his innovative and creative cassette tapes were eventually overtaken by the CD, something Ottens also had his hand in creating along with the rest of his team at Phillips. The cassette tape popularity peaked in the 70s and 80s and is even seeing a small resurgence in current days with pop artists releasing albums on tape, bringing a nostalgia factor which is also happening with vinyl. The portable cassette player was a worldwide phenomenon, with sales of tapes over 100 billion, allowing music fans to record tracks from the radio and listen to them whenever they wanted including on the go, a brand new concept for the time. Digital tapes were widely in use professionally but both media and players were so expensive. Of course those of us who grew up with the early days of personal computers also had a love hate relationship with the audio cassette. Basing the design of a block of wood that could fit into his jacket pocket, the EL 3300, the world’s first portable cassette tape. One of the aspects of Guardians of the Galaxy was the reference to the mix tape on cassette and the Walkman. The success allowed Ottens to build on the product and achieve his main goal of making tapes and their players more portable and easier to use. The product was a large success with sales passing over 1 million. In his esteemed position at Phillips, Lou Ottens led the development of the company’s first portable tape recorder, named the EL 3585. Today, it is estimated that more than 100 billion cassette tapes have been sold around the globe.Dutch pioneer and inventor, Lou Ottens had many successes during his life and is noticeably known for inventing the cassette tape while he was working to oversee the new products research and development department at Phillips. Lodewijk Frederik Ottens, who has born on 21 June 1926 sadly passed away on 6 March 2021 aged 94 in his hometown of Duizel, Netherlands. Countless punk acts, rock bands, and hip-hop artists all benefitted from the technology. Tapes also made it incredibly easy and affordable to record and share music – from bootlegged concerts to mixtapes. With Sony’s invention of the portable Walkman in 1979, cassette tapes quickly became the go-to format for music consumption. While the cassette and player were initially designed for dictation, the technology became widely embraced by the music industry in the 70s and 80s as the sound quality improved – replacing clunkier 8-tracks and becoming a viable alternative to vinyl LPs. In the US, the innovative technology was unveiled in November 1964, alongside a machine to play and record the tapes. The very first “compact cassette tape,” which used magnetic tape for playback and recording, debuted at the 1963 Berlin Radio Show. Seeking to find a less expensive and more compact answer to reel-to-reel tapes, Ottens came up with his design at the Dutch technology company, Philips, where he served as the head of product development. According to NRC Handelsblad, Ottens passed away on Saturday, March 6. Lou Ottens, a Dutch engineer who invented the cassette tape, has died at the age of 94.
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Until the mid-19th century, Mexico was the chief producer of vanilla. By the 18th century, the French were using vanilla to flavor ice cream. In Europe, vanilla was seen mostly as an additive to chocolate until the early 17th century when Hugh Morgan, a creative apothecary in the employ of Queen Elizabeth I, created chocolate-free, vanilla-flavored "sweetmeats". Hernán Cortés is credited with introducing both vanilla and chocolate to Europe in the 1520s. For the Aztecs, much like earlier Mesoamerican peoples before them, it is probable that vanilla was used to tame the otherwise bitter taste of cacao, as sugarcane was not harvested in these regions at the time and there were no other sweeteners available. The fruit was named tlilxochitl, wrongly interpreted as "black flower" instead of the more probable "black pod" because the matured fruit shrivels and turns a dark color shortly after being picked. Īztecs from the central highlands of Mexico invaded the Totonacs in 1427, developed a taste for the vanilla pods, and began using vanilla to flavor their foods and drinks, often mixing it with cocoa in a drink called " xocolatl" that later inspired modern hot chocolate. The cultivation of vanilla was a low-profile affair, as few people from outside these regions knew of it.Īlthough the Totonacs are the most famously associated with human use of vanilla, it is speculated that the Olmecs, who also lived in the regions of wild vanilla growth thousands of years earlier, were one of the first people to use wild vanilla in cuisine. The Totonac used vanilla as a fragrance in temples and as a good-luck charm in amulets, as well as flavoring for food and beverages. The Totonac people, who live along the eastern coast of Mexico in the present-day state of Veracruz, were among the first people to domesticate vanilla, cultivated on farms since at least 1185. Vanilla planifolia traditionally grew wild around the Gulf of Mexico from Tampico around to the northeast tip of South America, and from Colima to Ecuador on the Pacific side, as well as throughout the Caribbean. 1580) and description of its use and properties written in the Nahuatl language History Drawing of the Vanilla plant from the Florentine Codex (c. Nevertheless, vanilla is widely used in both commercial and domestic baking, perfume production, and aromatherapy, as only small amounts are needed to impart its signature flavor and aroma. Vanilla is the second-most expensive spice (as measured in terms of average price by unit of weight) after saffron because growing the vanilla seed pods is labor-intensive. Madagascar's and Indonesia's cultivations produce two-thirds of the world's supply of vanilla. planifolia species, more commonly known as Bourbon vanilla (after the former name of Réunion, Île Bourbon) or Madagascar vanilla, which is produced in Madagascar and neighboring islands in the southwestern Indian Ocean, and in Indonesia. The majority of the world's vanilla is the V. pompona, found in the West Indies, Central America, and South America. tahitensis, grown in the South Pacific and V. fragrans), grown on Madagascar, Réunion, and other tropical areas along the Indian Ocean V. Three major species of vanilla currently are grown globally, all of which derive from a species originally found in Mesoamerica, including parts of modern-day Mexico. By the end of the 20th century, Albius was considered the true discoverer. Noted French botanist and plant collector Jean Michel Claude Richard falsely claimed to have discovered the technique three or four years earlier. Hand-pollination allowed global cultivation of the plant. In 1841, Edmond Albius, a 12-year-old slave who lived on the French island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean, discovered that the plant could be hand-pollinated. The method proved financially unworkable and was not deployed commercially. In 1837, Belgian botanist Charles François Antoine Morren discovered this fact and pioneered a method of artificially pollinating the plant. Pollination is required to make the plants produce the fruit from which the vanilla spice is obtained. Vanilla is a spice derived from orchids of the genus Vanilla, primarily obtained from pods of the flat-leaved vanilla ( V. planifolia). Vanilla planifolia, flower Dried vanilla beans For the Japanese band, see Vanilla Beans (band). Command + Shift + Control + 3: Capture the screen to the Clipboard.īelow is a huge list of useful keyboard shortcuts that you can use while using the Mac Finder.Command + Shift + 6: Take a screenshot of the Touchbar.Command + Shift + 5: Take a screenshot or record screen (Mojave onwards).Command + Shift + 4 + Spacebar + Click on the window: Takes a screenshot of a specific window.Command + Shift + 4: Takes the screenshot of a selected area of the screen or a cropped screenshot.Command + Shift + 3: Takes a screenshot of the entire screen.There are 3 ways you can capture a screenshot on macOS using keyboard shortcuts. Command + Option + Control + Fullstop(.): Increase screen contrast.Command + Option + Control + Comma(,): Decrease screen contrast.Option + Shift + F11/F12: Increase or decrease the volume in smaller steps.Option + Shift + F1/F2: Increase or decrease the brightness in smaller steps.Option + Command + 8: Turn zoom on or off.Control + Up arrow or F3: Open Mission Control.Command + Shift + P: Display the dialog box showing page setup parameters for printing.Command + Shift + Option + Delete: Empty the Trash without confirmation.Command + P: Print the contents of the current screen.Command + Option+ F5: Show Accessibility options.Command + Spacebar: Show/hide the Spotlight search field.Command + Option + Space: Open Spotlight Finder Search Window.Command + G: Having found items using the Command+F shortcut, you can use this to navigate through each found item. Command + F5: Turn VoiceOver on or off2.Command + E: Copy the selected text for use with the Find function.Command + Delete: Move the selected item to Trash.Command + Control + Power: Restart your iMac or Mackbook without confirmation.Command + Control + Delete: Define the highlighted word.Command + Control + D: See the definition of the highlighted word in the Dictionary app.Command + C: Copy the selected item to the clipboard.Command + A: Select or highlight all items in the front window.Command + 0: Revert to actual zoom size.Here are some of the popularly known and handiest keyboard shortcuts for macOS from various categories. For instance, if you want to type the copyright sign (©), you can press Option + G on your Mac keyboard. I have highlighted the special characters in blue color that can be typed using the right Alt or the Option key + the key that corresponds with your desired symbol. For the sake of convenience, we have grouped our collection of Mac keyboard shortcuts into several categories.īelow is a macOS keyboard symbols chart that shows the symbols and special characters you can type using the keyboard.
Vehicle & Shelter Parts, Service & Warranty:Įmail: Medical Trailer and RV (now owned by Kentucky Trailer) Parts & Service:Įmail: Specialty Vehicles has a network of nineteen dealer/service centers for standard mechanical service needs and can be used as a facility by Oshkosh Specialty Vehicles engineering staff to perform systems service or field upgrades as needed. As someone outside of the fire truck industry, I can’t say. These include vehicle and major mechanical systems inquiries including stabilizer jacks, generators, electrical, OSV fabricated parts, slide-out sections, and body damage repair. More recently, Oshkosh Corporation has announced that it is working 270639 (no title) 270646 (no title) 270647 (no title). The company is headquartered in Oshkosh, Wis., and has annual sales of 1.165 billion. Products are marketed under the Oshkosh, Pierce and McNeilus brand names. Service requests are supported by Joey Loncharich and his staff. Oshkosh Truck Corporation NASDAQ: OTRKB is a leading manufacturer of specialty trucks and truck bodies for the defense, fire and emergency, concrete placement and refuse hauling markets. Vehicle body remounts and refurbishment.Coach repairs: fabrication, assembly, paint.Will-Burt mast/light tower service and replacement.These professionals provide warranty assistance, complete repair and diagnostic services, and replacement parts assistance. Count on world class after-delivery support from a staff of highly experienced service representatives, each with extensive experience in building and servicing our highly-customized specialty products. Our dedicated sales and service team stand ready to assist you. 2005 Oshkosh Striker 3000 6X6 Airport Fire Rescue Truck ARFF, Cat C16, Auto Trans, 29K Fronts, 58K Rears, TAK-4 Independent. The company has produced aircraft crash rescue trucks. Cool tight spaces through door ways and over wing exits. No one works more closely with their customers to configure each vehicle around their demands. Oshkosh Corporation is a fire apparatus and specialty truck builder located in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. Penetrate fire on both sides of the aircraft with intense precision. Unleash your attack from every angle in the air, on the ground, far below grade. We make sure your Oshkosh Specialty Vehicles trucks, relocatable training shelters, and trailers are ready to perform flawlessly for your teams. The Oshkosh Snozzle arms you against the greatest, most extreme ARFF threats. For parts and service of those vehicles, visit or contact their Service and Parts Dept. Credit cards and Pay Pal are accepted as payment.NOTE: Oshkosh Specialty Vehicles is NOT affiliated with Oshkosh Equipment Sales (OES) located in Oshkosh, WI which sells retired military vehicles and equipment such as flatbed trailers, material handling equipment, military aircraft tugs and tow tractors, and generators and power equipment, etc. Hard to find ARFF parts and miscellaneous fire truck parts are available now! Please visit our online EBAY store to browse our equipment ranging from random fire truck parts, fire body's, ARFF parts, poly tanks, to pumps. I believe this fire truck to be an Oshkosh P19 4x4 with a 400 BHP diesel engine. Start by filling out our online truck data submission form to get started today! Oshkosh Fire Truck Norfolk: UK July 2013. We ship anywhere in the USA or around the globe.ĭo you need help selling your used fire trucks? We will list and advertise your used fire apparatus for FREE! We make it as simple as possible and we're here to help you through the process every step of the way. Count on the used fire truck specialists for all of your used fire apparatus needs! Whether your Fire Department is buying, selling or trying to trade a truck in on a purchase, we'll help you get the best used fire apparatus for the best price, guaranteed!Ĭompany Two Fire has your Fire Department covered! We have ARFF trucks and fire trucks for lease! We can supply your Fire Department with the fire apparatus you need for long or short term emergencies. 2002 Mazda Protege L4-2.0L: Service type Exhaust Gas Recirculation/EGR Valve Replacement: Estimate 548.63: Shop/Dealer Price 672.06 - 1019. drove for emmisions test and safety ran excellent passed both On way home after emmisions engine light came on Got code p0300 and. 2002 mazda protege 2 litre bought at auction ran excellent 60km home. The parts and labor required for this service are. Replaced egr valve but still have flow problem by computor check and rough running. Trending Questions What kind of transmission does the 2010 Kia Sedona have? Who makes Mugen MF 10 wheels? What is the fix for an obd2 code p1122 on 2003 Honda CR-V? Where can you find the air conditioning AC filter to replace it on a 1998 Toyota Camry? Where is the vacuum modulator on a 300zx located? Does the 1990 Nissan Maxima have a timing belt or chain? How much oil do you need for a 1985 Toyota corolla? Why is your moon gray? Where is the fuse for the dash oil light in a 2000 Toyota Camry? Engine firing sequence 2. P1485 EGR Vacuum Solenoid Circuit - Read Our Article on EGR Valve Codes For Help With This Mazda Check Engine Light Code. Mazda Protege Exhaust Gas Recirculation/EGR Valve Replacement costs starting from 247. 158.48 - 299.46 WVE® EGR Valve 0 2196680046 Mazda Protege 2002, EGR Valve by WVE®. K5T49090 911-707 EGR VSV Exhaust Gas Recirculation Vacuum Solenoid Switch Valve Compatible with Mazda 626 929 Millenia MPV MX6 Protege RX8 Protege5 Replaces K5T49091, K5T49096, KL0118741 4. A foot pedal can shave 1-3 hours off your total transcription time easily. Which is why professional transcribers or transcription services use a foot pedal to control playback. If your fingers leave the typing area and use the hot-keys to play, pause, rewind and forward etc. So, there will be a lot of going back and forth. Problem is you don’t catch everything at the first try, unless you’ve got superhuman typing and listening skills. You ideally want to spend most of your time typing during those 8-10 hours. To transcribe a 1 hour audio file with hot-keys, it takes about 8-10 hours, depending on your typing speed and proficiency. type in a document while listening, using hot-keys is definitely not the quickest or the most efficient way. Or if you want a free word processor, there’s the open source OpenOffice.īut if you want to transcribe, i.e. Using hot-keys works great if you’re proofreading a transcript using a word processing software like Microsoft Word. Hot-Keys are Great for Proofreading, but not for Transcribing However the software is more versatile than that and gives you tons of other options that we’ll further explore in this post. All Major Transcription Foot Pedal Controllers.Any Discrete Sound Card or Integrated Sound.To check how to use express scribe for the latest version, keep an eye on their website. Please note that this screenshot is of a recent version of Express Scribe. The screenshot below explains the various options you see in the Express Scribe interface upon installation. It works with transcription speech recognition software.It works with several different office software like MS Word.You can email transcripts from the software straight to clients.You can connect it to your FTP to load files directly.You can dock your analog or digital recorders to load recordings straight away.It supports a wide range of audio and video formats.It’s very easy and quick to set up foot pedals for playback.You can assign keyboard hotkeys for a variety of functions.Why is Express Scribe one of the Best Transcription Playback Software? Which is why we’ve made this post to help guide you on how to use Express Scribe efficiently to save time and money for yourself. It can look daunting to someone absolutely new to the field of audio transcription. We’ve done an in-depth post on the best transcription speech recognition software for 2019.Įxpress Scribe is an audio/video player software that helps you transcribe your recordings or any media file. While it can work with speech recognition software, it cannot transcribe files itself. It is NOT a transcription speech recognition software. Can Express Scribe Transcribe Your Files Automatically? Individuals and online transcription services the world over rely on Express Scribe. “How to use Express Scribe” is one of the most commonly searched terms if you’re new to the world of audio transcription.Īnd for good reason, NCH’s Express Scribe is possibly one of the best transcription playback software available on the planet. Weight: 5 lbs.Draw Weight: 175 lbs.Size: 33 x 15.5 inchesSpeed: 235 FPSPower Stroke: 10.5 inchesĬenterPoint Tyro 4X Recurve Crossbow Package Weight: 7.7 lbs.Draw Weight: 150 lbs.Size: 35.5 x 26.5 inchesSpeed: 315 FPSPower Stroke: 12 inches Weight 6.6 lbs.Draw Weight: 185 lbs.Size: 34.875 x 20.125 inchesSpeed: 375 FPSPower Stroke: 12.5 inches Now that we know what to look for when buying crossbows for kids, let’s go over the top-ranked crossbows in the market. But if you’re buying one for recreational use, a lightweight but durable crossbow will be enough. For instance, for hunting, you’ll need one that’s powerful and has a long range. When deciding on a crossbow model, make sure it fulfills your purpose for buying it. The speed is measured in feet per second or FPS. Speed plays an important role when it comes to hunting or recreational shooting, so this must be taken into account when you’re buying a crossbow. However, heavier strings are harder to load, which can be an issue for kids or teens. The higher the draw weight, the higher the power. It also determines how far the projectile goes as the draw weight translates to how much power your crossbow is going to have when it shoots. This refers to the amount of force required to pull the string back. When using a crossbow for long periods, a lighter one will be easier to use and carry. Requirements can also vary from person to person depending on their age, weight, height, etc. 3. Size and Weightįor young users, the size and weight of the crossbow will matter greatly. In addition, buying an expensive crossbow for kids might be a disadvantage because they tend to be indecisive and might want a new one after just a short time. Sometimes they translate to quality, but other times you can find affordable options that are more powerful and topnotch. One precaution is to make sure the trigger system of the crossbow you plan to buy is sturdy and durable. Kids must be taught how to handle the weapon properly to avoid injuring themselves. Of course, when purchasing a crossbow for kids, safety is a top priority. There are many crossbows for kids available in the market, but before we go over the list, let’s first find out the things you should know in order to buy the right one. What To Consider When Buying a Crossbow for Kids Nevertheless, real ones have safety measures for your peace of mind. It also goes without saying that toy crossbows are safer than real crossbows. They can also be used by kids to practice their aim and attempt more challenging shots. Toy crossbows are great for beginners as they are lighter, easier to use, and have fun colors. Depending on the model, some of them can also be utilized until adulthood. Real crossbows are more expensive than toy crossbows, but they’re better when you want to train a child to be a hunter or an archer in the future. 7. CenterPoint Tyro 4X Recurve Crossbow Package.6. Arrow Precision Inferno Crossbow Kit.1. Barnett Whitetail Hunter STR Crossbow.What To Consider When Buying a Crossbow for Kids. “The ‘how’ is indeed where Rosenwald truly excelled,” they write, “building a new field of endeavor, creating standards (such as school building design), establishing a durable funding model, partnering with an esteemed community leader, and propelling it all with an explicit ‘giving while living’ philosophy.” This historical figure, the authors conclude, serves as a useful model for contemporary American donors wishing to make “big bets on social change.”Īs a historian of philanthropy and racial inequality in the U.S., I cringe at the suggestion that Julius Rosenwald (1862-1932) serves as a historical model of a hero who made “big bets on social change.” Granted, he was rather unique among his philanthropic peers in his decision to establish a limited-life foundation rather than a perpetual endowment. While echoing these other Americans’ celebrations of the Rosenwald schools, the three authors of the SSIR article explain that they focus on how Julius Rosenwald accomplished his success. A Wall Street Journal review of the film, for example, designated Rosenwald “an unsung hero of black education.” Similarly, Ford Foundation President Darren Walker noted on the pages of Time last year that the Chicago businessman was one of his “personal heroes” for helping to construct more than “5,300 schools across the segregated South and open classroom doors to a generation of African-American students, including Maya Angelou and Congresman John Lewis.” Nine years later, Aviva Kempner released a documentary of the philanthropist where she praised Rosenwald’s decision to finance schools in the South and thus described him as a silent partner of the pre-Civil Rights movement. To this point, the back cover of Ascoli’s book includes admiring words from Bill Gates. Ascoli, published a celebratory biography of his grandfather in 2006, a figure who remains relevant to today’s philanthropists. Julius Rosenwald’s grandson, historian Peter M. The gap between the region’s races in ‘years of school completed’ shrunk from three years in 1910 to half a year in 1940, with Rosenwald Schools judged responsible for 40 percent of these gains.įoster, Perrault, and Tosun celebrate the achievements of the Rosenwald schools, and they are not alone. By 1932, Rosenwald Schools educated more than 35 percent of all African American children in the South. The effect of Rosenwald’s approximately $70 million (in today’s dollars) big bet was transformative. was a model philanthropist who made “big bets on social change.” After all, the Chicago-based philanthropist successfully impacted elementary and secondary education for Black Americans in the South: The three authors note that this son of German Jewish immigrants and president and CEO of Sears, Roebuck & Co. “Julius Rosenwald is one of our philanthropic heroes.” This is how Bridgespan’s William Foster, Gail Perreault, and Elise Tosun begin their essay on “Ten Ways to Make a Big Bet on Social Change” published this past May in the Stanford Social Innovation Review. Editors’ Note: In response to a recent SSIR piece describing Julius Rosenwald as a philanthropic hero, HistPhil co-editor Maribel Morey reflects on the distinction between an effective philanthropist and a heroic figure. After completing the work, we will clean up your property and treat it with care.
You can play it full screen on your computer, in top HTML5 quality on your smartphone, and even on multiple video game consoles, including PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Network. This version is the best Zuma game currently available, both for Windows and Apple.
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